Augmented Reality Ar Is A Live Media Essay

Increased Reality Ar Is A Live Media Essay Equipment parts for increased the truth are: processor, show, sensors and information gadgets. Present day versatile figuring gadgets like cell phones and tablet PCs contain these components which regularly incorporate a camera and MEMS sensors, for example, accelerometer, GPS, and strong state compass, making them reasonable AR platforms.[8] [edit] Show Different advancements are utilized in Augmented Reality rendering including optical projection frameworks, screens, hand held gadgets, and show frameworks worn on ones man. [edit] Head-mounted A head-mounted presentation (HMD) is a showcase gadget matched to a headset, for example, an outfit or protective cap. HMDs place pictures of both the physical world and virtual items over the clients field of view. Present day HMDs frequently utilize sensors for six degrees of opportunity checking that permit the framework to adjust virtual data to the physical world and alter as needs be with the clients head movements.[9][10][11] HMDs can give clients vivid, portable and community AR experiences.[12] [edit] Eyeglasses AR showcases can be rendered on gadgets taking after eyeglasses. Adaptations incorporate eye wear that utilize cameras to catch this present reality view and re-show its expanded view through the eye pieces[13] and gadgets in which the AR symbolism is anticipated through or reflected off the surfaces of the eye wear focal point pieces.[14][15][16] [edit] Contact focal points Contact focal points that show AR imaging are being developed. These bionic contact focal points may contain the components for show inserted into the focal point including coordinated hardware, LEDs and a recieving wire for remote communication.[17][18][19][20] Another form of contact focal points, being developed for the U.S. Military, is intended to work with AR displays, permitting fighters to concentrate on near the-eye AR pictures on the exhibitions and removed true items at the equivalent time.[21][22] [edit] Virtual retinal showcase A virtual retinal showcase (VRD) is an individual presentation gadget a work in progress at the University of Washingtons Human Interface Technology Laboratory. With this innovation, a showcase is examined straightforwardly onto the retina of a watchers eye. The watcher sees what gives off an impression of being an ordinary presentation drifting in space before them.[23] [edit] EyeTap The EyeTap (otherwise called Generation-2 Glass[24]) catches beams of light that would somehow or another go through the focal point of a focal point of an eye of the wearer, and subbed each beam of light for manufactured PC controlled light. The Generation-4 Glass[24] (Laser EyeTap) is like the VRD (for example it utilizes a PC controlled laser light source) then again, actually it likewise has unending profundity of center and makes the eye itself, essentially, work as both a camera and a presentation, by method of definite arrangement with the eye, and resynthesis (in laser light) of beams of light entering the eye.[25] [edit] Handheld Handheld showcases utilize a little presentation that fits in a clients hand. All handheld AR answers for date decide on video transparent. At first handheld AR utilized guardian markers,[26] and later GPS units and MEMS sensors, for example, computerized compasses and six degrees of freedomaccelerometer-spinner. Today SLAM markerless trackers, for example, PTAM are beginning to come into utilization. Handheld presentation AR vows to be the primary business accomplishment for AR innovations. The two principle favorable circumstances of handheld AR is the versatile idea of handheld gadgets and pervasive nature of camera telephones. The burdens are the physical requirements of the client holding the handheld gadget out before them consistently just as mutilating impact of traditionally wide-calculated cell phone cameras when contrasted with this present reality as saw through the eye.[27] [edit] Spatial Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) increases true articles and scenes without the utilization of unique shows, for example, screens, head mounted shows or hand-held gadgets. SAR utilizes advanced projectors to show graphical data onto physical items. The key distinction in SAR is that the showcase is isolated from the clients of the framework. Since the presentations are not related with every client, SAR scales normally up to gatherings of clients, along these lines taking into consideration assembled joint effort between clients. SAR has a few preferences over conventional head-mounted showcases and handheld gadgets. The client isn't required to convey gear or wear the showcase over their eyes. This makes spatial AR a decent contender for collective work, as the clients can see every others faces. A framework can be utilized by numerous individuals simultaneously without each wearing a head-mounted presentation. Models incorporate shader lights, portable projectors, virtual tables, and brilliant projectors. Shader lights copy and expand reality by anticipating symbolism onto nonpartisan articles, giving the chance to upgrade the items appearance with materials of a straightforward unit-a projector, camera, and sensor. Handheld projectors further this objective by empowering group arrangements of condition detecting, diminishing the requirement for extra fringe sensing.[28][29] Other substantial applications incorporate table and divider projections. One such advancement, the Extended Virtual Table, isolates the virtual from the genuine by including shaft splitter mirrors appended to the roof at a movable angle.[30] Virtual features, which utilize bar splitter mirrors along with different illustrations shows, give an intuitive methods for at the same time connecting with the virtual and the real.[31][32] Altogether, current expanded reality show innovation can be applied to improve structure and representation, or capacity as logical reproductions and devices for training or amusement. A lot more executions and setups make spatial expanded reality show an inexorably alluring intuitive alternative.[11] Spatial AR doesn't experience the ill effects of the constrained presentation goals of current head-mounted showcases and convenient gadgets. A projector based showcase framework can essentially consolidate more projectors to grow the presentation zone. Where compact gadgets have a little window into the world for drawing, a SAR framework can show on any number of surfaces of an indoor setting without a moment's delay. The downsides, notwithstanding, are that SAR frameworks of projectors don't work so well in daylight and furthermore require a surface on which to extend the PC produced illustrations. Enlargements can't just linger palpably as they do with handheld and HMD-based AR. The substantial idea of SAR, however, makes this a perfect innovation to help plan, as SAR underpins both a graphical perception and detached haptic sensation for the end clients. Individuals can contact physical items, and it is this procedure that gives the latent haptic sensation.[7][33][34][35] [edit] Following Present day versatile enlarged reality frameworks utilize at least one of the accompanying following innovations: computerized cameras or potentially other optical sensors, accelerometers, GPS, spinners, strong state compasses, RFID and remote sensors. These advancements offer fluctuating degrees of exactness and accuracy. Most significant is the position and direction of the clients head. Following the clients hand(s) or a handheld info gadget can give a 6DOF connection technique.[36] [edit] Info gadgets Strategies incorporate discourse acknowledgment frameworks that decipher a clients verbally expressed words into PC directions and signal acknowledgment frameworks that can decipher a clients body developments by visual recognition or from sensors inserted in a fringe gadget, for example, a wand, pointer, pointer, glove or other body wear.[37][38][39][40] [edit] PC The PC investigates the detected visual and other information to incorporate and situate growthes. [edit] Programming and calculations A key proportion of AR frameworks is the manner by which practically they incorporate enlargements with this present reality. The product must infer true arranges, free from the camera, from camera pictures. That procedure is called picture enlistment which utilizes various techniques for PC vision, for the most part identified with video tracking.[41][42] Many PC vision strategies for expanded the truth are acquired from visual odometry. Generally those strategies comprise of two sections. First distinguish intrigue focuses, or trustee markers, or optical stream in the camera pictures. First stage can utilize include discovery techniques like corner recognition, mass identification, edge location or thresholding as well as other picture preparing methods.[43][44] The subsequent stage reestablishes a certifiable facilitate framework from the information got in the main stage. A few strategies accept objects with known geometry (or trustee markers) present in the scene. In a portion of those cases the scene 3D structure ought to be precalculated already. In the event that piece of the scene is obscure synchronous restriction and mapping (SLAM) can outline positions. In the event that no data about scene geometry is accessible, structure from movement techniques like pack change are utilized. Numerical techniques utilized in the subsequent stage incorporate projective (epipolar) geometry, geometric variable based math, pivot portrayal with exponential guide, kalman and mo lecule channels, nonlinear improvement, powerful insights. [edit] Applications Expanded reality has numerous applications, and numerous regions can profit by the utilization of AR innovation. AR was at first utilized for military, mechanical, and clinical applications, however was before long applied to business and amusement territories as well.[45] [edit] Prehistoric studies AR can be utilized to help archeological examination, by enlarging archeological highlights onto the cutting edge scene, empowering archeologists to define decisions about site position and configuration.[46] Another application given to AR in this field is the opportunities for clients to remake remnants, structures, or even scenes as they once in the past existed.[47] [edit] Design AR can help in imagining building ventures. PC produced pictures of a structure ca

Behavioral Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conduct Psychology - Essay Example John B. Watson established the school of conduct brain research with the expectation that it would make brain research as scholastically regarded as different sciences, for example, science and physiology were. He moved away from the contemplative techniques for brain science which were well known at that point, and moved towards a progressively logical, noticeable methodology. He accepted that the conduct of people and creatures were equivalent, and thusly, most social trials utilized creatures, for example, rodents as subjects and afterward summed up the discoveries to people. Watson accepted that all conduct could be clarified by what was classified old style molding (Watson, 1999). The thought behind old style molding is that one could match an upgrade that causes a reaction or reflex with a random boost. After some time, the inconsequential upgrade alone should cause the reaction or reflex. A case of this would the popular analysis led by Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov saw that when he set food out for his mutts, they would salivate. He at that point combined the setting out of food with ringing a bell. After some time, the mutts salivated to the ringing ringer alone, without the setting out of food. ... While he concurred that the practices of creatures and people are practically identical and that brain research should focal point of discernible conduct, Skinner believed that there is such thing as the psyche. The main explanation he decided to contemplate perceptions over the psyche is on the grounds that perceptions can be impartially estimated in a logical manner though the brain can't (Boeree, 2006). Skinner likewise varies from Watson in that he accepts that adjustments in conduct can be credited to reinforcers, while Watson ascribes change in conduct to relationship between occasions. Skinner alluded to this hypothesis of conduct as operant molding which keeps up that the conduct is trailed by a result, and the idea of the outcome changes the life form's propensity to rehash the conduct later on (Boeree, 2006, p. 2). Contingent upon the kind of reinforcer, the probability of the conduct can be expanded or diminished. For instance, if a youngster is given applause each time he says please, he will probably keep on saying please. This is a case of uplifting feedback, which improves the probability of a conduct. Simultaneously, discipline diminishes the probability of a conduct. For instance, if a kid is invested energy out each time he pushes his sister, at that point he should start to push his sister less and less. Skinner likewise accepted that once a reinforcer is removed, at that point the conduct ought to happen less and less. This conviction persuaded that there was nothing of the sort as unrestrained choice. He clarified that individuals carry on seriously on the grounds that that conduct is remunerated somehow or another and that individuals act well since that conduct is compensated here and there. Then again, Edward C. Tolman had an alternate arrangement of perspectives than Watson and Skinner. While Tolman stayed away

Subliminal Advertising Research Paper Example

Subconscious Advertising Paper Subconscious promoting has a great deal of effect on the customer conduct. Prior to placing a knowledge into the intricate details of the subconscious promoting, we should get the possibility of the customer conduct. What is purchaser conduct? Shopper conduct includes the mental procedures that buyers experience in distinguishing necessities, searching for approaches to understand these prerequisites, settling on purchasing choices, that is whether to purchase that item and, provided that this is true, which brand and where, decipher data, make arrangements and execute those plans. Consequently we can characterize customer conduct as the investigation of how, when, why and where individuals do or they don't buy a specific item. It blends components from humanism, brain research, social humanities and financial matters. It likewise attempts to understand the purchaser’s dynamic procedure, both as an individual and just as in gatherings. It examines qualities of individual shoppers, for example, socioeconomics and conduct factors trying to comprehend consumer’s necessities. One such instrument of acclimating the purchasers with the new items is subconscious promoting. Presently let us see how subconscious publicizing functions. Subconscious promoting includes the usage of messages sent to the psyche mind so as to convince individuals about a specific item or administration from the internal center of their brains. It is the psyche brain of an individual that is responsible for controlling each activity and thought actuated by specific conditions. These contemplations and activities incorporate memory extraction and capacity just as breathing and internal heat level support among others. We will compose a custom paper test on Subliminal Advertising explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Subliminal Advertising explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Subliminal Advertising explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The psyche mind even controls the majority of the center attributes and qualities controlled by our cognizant brain. Every one of these viewpoints make subconscious promoting a strong power to deal with regards to convincing individuals about a specific item or administration. The US government restricted this type of promoting directly after Dr James Vicary discharged a test that included 100 millisecond-flashes of the messages â€Å"Drink more coke† and â€Å"I need popcorn† that showed up before a film crowd, harking back to the 1970s. The individuals who were a piece of the examination didn't see the messages that showed up on the screen from the specialized perspective, yet popcorn and Coke deals took off by over half and 15%, separately, after the aggregate inner mind brains of the group had been presented to the pioneer subconscious notices. The US government lifted the boycott directly after gatherings of individuals and trustworthy organizations contended that subconscious informing could work out supernatural occurrences. These gatherings even thought to be subconscious informing as a medium that can assume a huge job in the treatment of mental issue and extreme sorrow. However, presently a days, subconscious publicizing is as yet adapting to both moral and specialized legalities since this type of subconscious informing can summon sponsors everywhere throughout the world to control masses of individuals in purchasing their items and administrations without the cognizant assent of the individuals themselves. In any case, some contend that subconscious promoting isn't experimentally demonstrated to create victories in spite of the famous examination of Dr James Vicary, thinking back to the 1970s. This is only a mainstream doubt as a great many people have not known about the consequences of the 1970 Dr James Vicary analyze. This is on the grounds that the trial is as yet secretive under a shroud of incredible fiction up right up 'til the present time. This might be because of the US governments code of mystery. The truth of the matter is that it is logically demonstrated that subconscious informing or promoting can create quantifiable outcomes. Subconscious publicizing or informing doesn't really include concealed messages. It very well may be done through different strategies and means. Visual planners have found numerous techniques. Presently the following inquiry that emerges in ones psyche is the reason organizations utilize such publicizing. A significant goal in any industrialist society, firm or organization is to bring in cash, for the most part by selling products and enterprises. Representatives make notices so as to charm purchasers. In view of this item, it is nothing unexpected that there are subconscious ads; subconsciously inserting something that intrigues customers is an incredible method to help arrive at their objective. Intentionally, nonetheless, individuals like to be in charge of their contemplations. Organizations can implant messages into their promoting media in an amazingly huge assortment of ways. One of the most notable strategies is rapidly blazing a picture onto a screen. Numerous individuals have known about the venue episode in which moviegoers were flashed phrases inducing them to eat popcorn, and purchase cola(Todd). This is finished with the assistance of a machine called a tachistoscope which can streak outlines enduring 1/3000th of a second at five second interims. This was utilized to expand popcorn and cola. Words have additionally been subconsciously implanted in pictures by the organizations. It has been discussed that the main subtle prompts that work are the ones that can be recovered through some orderly procedure. Installed pictures and words in pictures can as a rule be concentrated long enough to make sense of it; if not, PCs can without much of a stretch increment brilliance, differentiate, and different properties to draw out the covered up message(s). Subtle cues are there to do what they excel at: impact individuals. They regularly are fused into advertisements to impact individuals to buy items, music for any conceivable explanation, and different types of diversion so as to get more cash out of purchasers. Presently let us realize what are various strategies for such promoting? Visual computerization specialists have a plenty of apparatuses available to them to productively install subconscious prompts into their photos. First is implanting. Inserting is the handling of concealing one picture as another. This is a trouble procedure. The female middle in the Diet Coke can is a case of inserting. Numerous pictures, expressions, and mottos have shrouded twofold implications behind them. This is called ironic statement. Imagery can likewise go into this class. For instance Microsofts Where would you like to go today? Different procedures are tachistoscopic show and lighting and foundation sound which are utilized in film and video promoters. Tachistoscopic shows streak pictures onto the screen in portions of a second not distinguishable by the cognizant psyche. Another technique tachistoscopic presentations can utilize is superimposing the picture onto existing picture just beneath the cognizant observation level. Lighting and foundation sound alter the state of mind of the view. Much of the time, it fortifies the cognizant recognition. A few models are-If you put the Coca-Cola logo on its side, and include a little dream, you can see a smoking man. A few sources state it would seem that an individual grunting cocaine. Last yet not the least; I might want to state that subconscious promoting is a quintessential apparatus that impact the majority decidedly and adversely, henceforth it ought to be utilized wisely. Work Cited Unmistakable, Todd. â€Å"Is Subliminal Influence Used in Advertising? †. April 6, 2010, http://www. realmagick. com/articles/47/547. html

How Can We Show

In anything we do, there must be a power that drives our activity and discourse. How about we view Romans 8:6 and analyze what sort of mentality we ought to develop. Peruse. As the sacred writing calls attention to, being an otherworldly individual isn't Just a matter of individual inclination. It involves life and passing. So at that point, let us investigate a couple of ways we can show we that we are disapproving of the soul. Since the Bible itself is a result of God's soul, what preferred path could there be over to peruse it daily.We should tirelessly contemplate the Bible. Thusly, God's soul can impact our psyche and heart and we will build up an otherworldly tendency and mentality. In this manner our outlook will be controlled and prompted by His dynamic power. Nonetheless, note that information on God's promise isn't sufficient. Recall King Solomon. He knew Jehovah measures well overall. Be that as it may, at that point what was the deal? He came to have numerous outside spou ses. What's more, soon he was trailing their divine beings. Truth be told, he rehearsed a type of interfaith Just with the goal that he could satisfy his wives.If he was disapproving of the soul, would he have done as such? Truly from his model, we discover that we should obey Jehovah wholeheartedly. Another path is by showing authentic characteristics. What right? How about we discover at Galatians 5:22, 23. Peruse. How would we show the fruiting of the soul in our life? On the off chance that we have love, it will move us to pardon each other uninhibitedly. In addition, love for neighbor moves us to impart the realm uplifting news to other. We will in this way be inspired to have a more full offer in the realm lecturing work.In expansion, we would maintain a strategic distance from a serious soul in the gathering. There shouldn't be such thing as: I put in a bigger number of hours in the service than you so I'm superior to you, or I am a pioneer and you're definitely not. Siblings will abstain from review benefits of administration as a place of power. Such sort of conduct is of carnal inception. On the off chance that we are to mind the soul, we will see benefits in the gathering as a meaner to priest to other people. At long last, it is essential to set profound objectives and work to accomplish them.Examples of parietal objectives we can set include: improving our examination propensities, expanding our offer in the service, or maybe connecting for a benefit of administration in the assembly. For what reason are profound objectives significant? At the point when we work to achieve our objectives, our psyches will be busy with profound interests and we are better ready to oppose enticements. To summarize it, disapproving of the soul is the course of insight, for this world and its craving is dying. We will encounter internal harmony and furthermore appreciate a serene relationship with Jehovah. How Might We Show By Consecrations

Femicide in Guatemala Essay Example for Free

Femicide in Guatemala Essay Femicide in Guatemala â€Å"Six ladies and young ladies were killed in Guatemala a week ago in one day alone. Two of the young ladies, around 6 and 12 years of age, were discovered choked to death in a road in the capital Guatemala City wearing their pajamas† (Moloney 1). Guatemala has the third most noteworthy pace of Femicide on the planet. Femicide is characterized as the murdering of a lady by a man since she is a female. In Guatemala, an altogether high number of femicide cases have been accounted for and I unequivocally accept this is an irksome and undesirable issue for the populace. In excess of 3800 females have been killed in Guatemala since the year 2000 and this is only the official number. This plainly recommends various guiltless ladies are tormented and killed by men every day all through the district. Another report recommends that 512 ladies were executed between January 1 and October 16 in the year 2012 alone and this is after a 10 percent decrease from the earlier year. (PCUSA, 1) Most of these cases were accounted for in the territory of Guatemala, which incorporates the country’s biggest city and capital. The way that this number is still so high regardless of the drop recommends what a pressing issue this is. There are different explanations behind this fierce exploitation of ladies all through Guatemala and is turning into an undeniably squeezing issue which needs genuine consideration. It has been accounted for that this district is one of the hazardous zones on the planet for ladies. Every day innumerable ladies are assaulted, transformed, constrained into sexual servitude and premature births, cleaned and killed. This makes a feeling of dread among the whole populace and makes them progressively accommodating to this fierceness. People all through the nation live their lives in massive uneasiness and worry of losing the ladies that they love. One of the principle concerns with respect to femicide is exemption, implying that a large portion of these cases are not brought to preliminary. Reports recommend that just 1%-2% of femicide cases are arraigned while lawbreakers have a 98% to 99% possibility of totally getting away from any discipline or indictment. This represents a gigantic issue since ladies don’t get the equity that they merit and hoodlums effectively escape. This is out of line for the honest ladies who are casualties of such wrongdoings in light of the fact that their guilty parties don’t get the discipline that they merit. Another primary explanation behind this critical issue is the failure of the Guatemalan specialists to guarantee the wellbeing of ladies. This is to state that the Guatemalan government is degenerate to such an extent that they can't give security to ladies and with the incredibly high pace of exemption it is practically unimaginable for ladies to discover equity. Presently, it is imperative to comprehend why these sexual orientation explicit wrongdoings exist in the area. One of the primary explanations behind this vicious focusing of ladies returns to the â€Å"Guatemalan government and military’s multi year old destructive counterinsurgency crusade against the country’s Mayan population† (Mychalejko 1). This is to state that the purpose for this issue of femicide exists to demolish the mind boggling social obligations of Mayan people group. Moreover, â€Å"Gender viciousness threatens ladies in the network, yet it likewise disturbs conventional male centric sexual orientation relations by sending the message to men that they are not fit for ensuring women† (Mychalejko 1). I locate this mechanism of utilizing sexual orientation brutality to focus on an indigenous populace baffling. It isn't moral for a populace to murder a large number of ladies so as to settle the score with a network. Further, it is accepted that this unforgiving conduct against ladies is truly affecting the male populace on the grounds that such episodes occur so every now and again that they are getting heartless toward such occurrences. Men in the Guatemalan culture have become standardized to such reports and this can be seen in light of the fact that the wrongdoings are proceeding to turn out to be progressively heartless and visit. As referenced over, one of the essential purposes behind this continuous viciousness against ladies is the Guatemalan Civil war, which abandoned unforgiving recollections of brutality and exemption. The expanded militarization cause by the progressing war on drugs likewise keeps on adding to these high femicide rates. Guatemala is one of the districts emphatically engaged with the medication exchange and subsequently ladies are utilized as inadvertent blow-back in the fight between groups. Moreover, the financial and political atmosphere in the locale isn't entirely steady and in this manner the land an asset strife additionally adds to these honest passings. Finally, it has additionally been discovered that the expanded inclusion of outside governments, particularly US and Canada assume a significant job in this viciousness focused to ladies. Fundamentally, the Guatemalan government utilizes the focusing of ladies as a â€Å"tactical and intentional apparatus of political suppression (Mychalejko 2). As I would see it, in addition to the fact that this is extremely upsetting it is out of line. Ladies assume a significant job in building a general public and this superfluous savagery against them is extremely disturbing. Utilizing ladies as a snare to focus on the greater financial and policy centered issues is exploitative and ought not be polished by any administration. It is unthinkable for ladies to discover expectation and equity in a general public where such high exemption exists. This keeps on being an endless cycle for a great many blameless ladies who lose their lives, while the individuals capable are without let. By and large this is a flat out disgrace and joke of the framework. The Guatemalan common war truly adds to these high paces of sexual orientation savagery in the nation. The repercussions of the war left in excess of 200,000 Guatemalans killed, the vast majority of who were indigenous. Additionally, thousands were assaulted, tormented, vanished and uprooted. The most disillusioning part in any case, is that more than 98 percent of the individuals who occupied with these atrocities were without left. It is this absence of equity that left hoodlums in the nation in force and blameless casualties hurt. Along these lines, these high paces of femicide are to advise the nearby populace about this brutal past and to advise them that equity has not yet come. Taking everything into account, I feel that we should all concentrate to this expanding issue of femicide in Guatemala. In the ongoing occasions, as the political restraint against ladies in expanding, they are getting increasingly dynamic so as to forestall femicide. For instance, â€Å"In Guatemala it has been demonstrated that as more ladies take an interest strategically and socially, it brings out more constraint. A model is the ongoing endeavor on the life of [the previously mentioned enemy of mining activist] Yolanda Oqueli† (Mychalejko 3). Yolanda is a pioneer of FRENAM, a development that intends to protect land from extension exercises. She was getting back from a tranquil dissent when she was shot. I accept that this issue of femicide is one that needs prompt consideration. It is completely off-base and corrupt to utilize a country’s ladies as a method for increasing political control. Moreover, the Guatemalan government is amazingly defiled and has a high pace of exemption, which thus, permits crooks to go free and perhaps even perpetrate the wrongdoing once more. I recommend that the residents of the world recognize this and do a mediation all through the area. The opportunity has already come and gone that ladies not be utilized as a trap to target men or to dole out past retributions. Ladies are a fundamental piece of any general public and merit regard and security.

The Use and Acquisition of Authority in Julius Caesar and The Prince - Literature Essay Samples

A comparative study of two texts reveals context as the primary influence upon the interplay between pragmatism and personality morality in an individual’s pursuit and consolidation of power. Driven by an overarching contextual desire for stable government, Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince (1513) and William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar (1599) demonstrates the incompatibility of personal morality and political success across their respective discussions of effective authority. Implementing his extensive diplomatic experience among Italy’s warring city-states, Machiavelli’s didactic treatise operates within a value system supremely favoring ruthless pragmatism over ethics in establishing and maintaining authority. While the relative liberality of the form enables Shakespeare to problematize Machiavelli’s binary perceptions of human nature, his ultimate desire to preserve the stability achieved under Elizabeth I’s reign leads him to fa vor pragmatism over morality in exercising authority. Therefore despite depictions of human nature nuanced by differing purposes, shared contextual priorities drive these composers to present aligned intertextual perspectives privileging pragmatism over morality in an individual’s pursuit of power. Due to the volatile nature of politics, a leader’s success in maintaining authority is determined by their ability to suppress moral reservations and make calculated decisions to ensure political advancement. Upon the observation of Italy’s warring oligarchies rife with espionage and shifting alliances, Machiavelli offers opportunistic pragmatism as an infallible approach to maintaining authority to the treatise’s dedicatee, Lorenzo de Medici, in an attempt to re-enter Florence’s diplomatic elite. He dictates that a ruler â€Å"must pamper people or destroy them†, with high modality tone typical of an advisory handbook demonstrating Machiavelli’s binary perceptions of human conduct. He instructs his reader to â€Å"eliminate the family of the previous ruler† in a bid to establish authority over mixed monarchies, a euphemism detaching the moral implications of murder from the political advancement it yields. To palliate these controvers ial claims in his predominately Catholic context, he cites â€Å"Hannibal’s tremendous cruelty† as the leading factor in the general’s immovable authority, an allusion providing historical validation for his violation of the virtues espoused by leaders in the ‘Mirror of Princes’ genre. Faced with a differing contextual purpose to both entertain and stimulate his seasoned theatrical audience, Shakespeare problematizes Machiavelli’s binary depictions of human nature. Brutus is referred to frequently with the epithet, â€Å"honourable†, endearing him to the audience for the very moral character that Machiavelli rejects. Furthermore Brutus struggles to suppress his innate morality, stating that he is â€Å"with himself at war†, a military metaphor demonstrating the complexities of negotiating pragmatism and morality. However Shakespeare, impressed with Queen Elizabeth’s ethically unsound methods of securing authority such as the legalization of torture against disobedient subjects, demonstrates the ultimate failure of leaders guided by blind idealism. Brutus makes a plea to spare Antony, calling for the conspirators to be â€Å"sacrificers, not butchers†, with this religious lexical choice signifying his politically unwise attempt to idealize Caesar’s assassination. Brutus’ trusting nature foolishly pushes him to permit Antony to address the plebeians, with Cassius pointing out, â€Å"Know you how much the people may be moved†¦?† This rhetorical question emphasizes and foreshadows the failure of Brutus’ idealism in the face of fickle public support. Therefore while differing purposes and forms present nuanced views of human nature, a shared value for the primacy of stable authority pushes both composers to value pragmatism over personal morality. While the adherence to blind moral idealism is a hindrance to maintaining authority, an impression of it is necessary to preserve the symbiotic relationship between a ruler and his subjects. As civilian and interfamilial hostility spelled the downfall of many Italian oligarchies, Machiavelli suggests that a leader’s duplicitous nature is integral to maintaining authority over subjects. A ruler must â€Å"seem and sound wholly compassionate, wholly loyal†¦wholly religious.† Repetition of â€Å"wholly† amplifies the depth of public deception Machiavelli perceives as paramount for maintaining power. A leader should give the â€Å"impression of greatness, spirit, seriousness and strength†, a tetracolon of qualities Machiavelli believes a leader should display but not put into practice. He advises leaders to â€Å"overcome obstacles by force or fraud†¦(by studying) the politics of Cesare Borgia†, a contemporary allusion demonstrating his respec t for Borgia’s reputable cunning, which Machiavelli keenly observed firsthand upon years of service in his court. Shakespeare consummates Machiavelli’s precepts in his characterization of Antony, whose stirring public rhetoric finds its roots in the cult of individuality and propaganda perpetuated by the â€Å"Virgin Queen† as a highly effective measure of unifying the English embittered by years of religious conflict under the unified authority of her image. However, Shakespeare presents Antony as a morally ambivalent character as he pleads with Caesar’s corpse in a preceding soliloquy to â€Å"pardon (him)† for his false civility with the conspirators. Imperative demonstrates that Antony too is subject to stings of morality which Machiavelli disregards nonchalantly as a factor affecting humans seeking political authority. However Shakespeare supremely exalts Antony’s political cunning as he repeats emphatically is his oration to the plebeians that â€Å"Brutus is an honourable man†. Antistrophe allows Antony to project an impression of his own virtue w hile simultaneously undermining Brutus and the conspirators’ motives. Shakespeare includes stage directions to â€Å"come down from the pulpit†, placing Antony in close proximity to his audience, enhancing his plea to them as â€Å"friends† and thus equals. The success of Antony’s false virtue in seizing political authority is exemplified by the plebeians’ reaction, â€Å"Revenge! Seek! Burn! Slay!† This series of exclamations exemplify the success of Antony’s manipulations through rhetoric, echoing reactions to Elizabeth’s ‘Tilbury speech’. Therefore, like instances of civilian dissension in their respective contexts push both composers to advocate for false displays of virtue as paramount to preserving authority. The overarching desire for stable government across the contexts of both Machiavelli’s The Prince and Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar negates the effects of their differing purposes and forms to present aligned intertextual perspectives promoting pragmatism over morality for an individual’s acquisition and exercise of authority. Perhaps the nuanced discussions of human and morality across both texts constitute a true testament to the endless complexities of negotiating human nature in an individual’s pursuit of power.

Can the Clichés in Your Med School Application!

Watch what you write! In this blog series, we’ll examine the 5 fatal flaws that you should avoid when writing your med school application essays. In this post, well discuss how to avoid using cliches in your personal statement. Dont hide your lucid answers to essay questions behind meaningless verbiage and abused clichà ©s. Take a look at this: When I was shadowing a physician, I wanted to exceed patient expectations and let them know that I was taking their health to the next level, so first and foremost by thinking outside the box, I helped draw conclusions across multiple disciplines and immersed myself in the healthcare administrative vertical as well. When I was focused on the administrative element in the hospital office space, I would spend a ton of time building and updating scalable systems, from knowledge management to invoicing and payroll. What? Yikes! It looks like this guy used his grand thesaurus of buzzwords and crammed as much jargon into his short paragraph as possible. Write directly and clearly so people can understand you. Can the buzz! Perhaps a translation would be: When I was shadowing a physician, I wanted to impress our patients with outstanding performance. I personally and creatively drew from my experience on the hospital floor and as an administrative assistant to improve some administrative tasks, ensuring that all systems from personnel to invoicing supported the hospital staff.† For more on what real writers (and readers) think of the latest in vapid jargon, please see: Dangerous Clichà ©s to Avoid. Avoid Fatal Flaw #3: Write pointed and direct answers to the questions. Can the buzz! Now you that you know what NOT to do, it’s time to focus on what you SHOULD do to submit the absolute best medical school applications possible. Work one-on-one with a pro to create an application that will get you ACCEPTED. ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped applicants gain acceptance to their dream healthcare programs. Our outstanding team of admissions consultants features former admissions directors, admissions committee members, pre-health advisors, postbac program directors, and doctors. Our staff has guided applicants to acceptance at allopathic (MD) and osteopathic (DO) medical schools, residencies and fellowships, dental school, veterinarian school, and physician assistant programs at top schools such as Harvard, Stanford, Penn, UCSF, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, and many more.  Want an admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ How to Create Successful Secondary Applications, a free webinar †¢ 10 Tips for Better Essay Writing †¢ Application Essay Tip: The Devil is in the Details

Actually Dreaming with Wealth, Freedom, and Health

Actually Dreaming When people think of the American Dream, typically the first three that come to mind are wealth, living in freedom, and good health. Perhaps youve heard through tradition about these ideals, and through research, these three are the most prevalent parts of what people think of the American Dream. There are other elements that people can think of, of course, but as a general rule of thumb, these are the ones that people default to. Most people have the same basic idea of the American Dream, but most people are left ultimately unsatisfied with their lot in life and their personal fulfillment of this Dream. The problem with the American Dream is that the concept of it is not personal and the Dream is hard to achieve because the bar is set so high that people believe the Dream means that anyone can be the next Bill Gates or Whitney Houston. The American Dream should not be a one size fits all ideal. The American Dream is impersonal and vague; it doesnt describe the potential of the markers set. Financial stability...is the most frequently cited characteristic of living the American Dream (Longley). What does financial security mean in the scope of the Dream? Barely being able to provide for a family is not an ideal situation, but it is one that many (if not most) Americans are now having to experience. Does this notion of barely scraping by fit into our idea of the Dream, or must there be some kind of barrier, something keeping us from tipping intoShow MoreRelatedAmerican Dreams And The American Dream1728 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans have been dreaming since the Mayflower arrived in the New World and the American Dream itself has withstood threats up until this very day to all of its internal characteristics: international peace, health, leadership, wealth, supremacy, and equality. H.W. Brands states in his book American Dreams that â€Å"Americans had dreamed since our nati onal birth, and in the twenty-first century we are dreaming still†. Both Brands’ story and Nathaniel Philbrick’s account in Mayflower assist significantlyRead More francis of assisi Essay3048 Words   |  13 Pages Francis of Assisi was a poor man who astounded and inspired the Church by taking the gospel literally—not in a narrow fundamentalist sense, but by actually following all that Jesus said and did, joyfully, without limit and without a mite of self-importance. Francis was famous for his love of all creation. He called for simplicity of life, poverty, and humility before God. He worked to care for the poor. Thousands were drawn to his sincerity, piety, and joy. In all his actions, Francis sought toRead MoreOrganization s Failure Or Success9418 Words   |  38 PagesThe important question that always comes to mind is what are the various factors that motivates employee, their impact on employee in other to achieve high employee and organizational p erformance most especially in the high performance level of the health, education and finance sectors? Can these factors based on the theories of motivation, experiments and experiences be considered important ways to motivate employees? Amongst all those factors, which is considered the most important to employees?Read MoreIroquois Confederacy9092 Words   |  37 Pagesopportunity. Many colonists, on the other hand, chose to become Indians, either by joining Indian society voluntarily, by not trying to escape from captivity, or by staying with their Indian captors in the wake of peace treaties that gave them the freedom to return home. Early in the eighteenth century the Tuscarora, another Iroquoian-speaking tribe living in North Carolina, moved into the territory occupied by the Confederacy. They had rebelled against the encroachment of colonial settlers, againstRead MoreEvil a Learned Behavior6329 Words   |  26 Pages Over time, their living conditions and the brutality they were continuously subject to actually altered their personalities. Their circumstances evoked animalistic tendencies in most people. Especially in the concentration camps where life was so immediate- the only thing that mattered was survival. The only thing that mattered was getting through that day, preserving their tiny rations of bread and dreaming about a thicker soup than they had gotten for their previous meal. There is one particularRead MorePsychosocial Factors as Determinants of Students’ Achievement in Senior Secondary School Mathematics12067 Words   |  49 Pages Stakeholders are concerned about the whole situation. What actually is the problem with the teaching and learning of Mathematics? Is it that students do not develop the right attitude towards the subject? Are the students not properly taught? Or is the problem mainly on the part of the students? It is therefore necessary to look into the influence of some variables that affects mathematics achievement in order to find out what actually is the barrier to success in Mathematics with particular emphasisRead MoreDecision Theory: a Brief Introduction28334 Words   |  114 Pagestheorize about decisions is almost the same as to theorize about human 5 activitities. However, decision theory is not quite as all-embracing as that. It focuses on only some aspects of human activity. In particular, it focuses on how we use our freedom. In the situations treated by decision theorists, there are options to choose between, and we choose in a non-random way. Our choices, in these situations, are goal-directed activities. Hence, decision theory is concerned with goal-directed behaviourRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesintroduction of new technologies of repression and surveillance and modes of mass organization and control. Breakthroughs in the sciences that greatly enhanced our understandings of the natural world and made for major advances in medicine and health care were very often offset by the degradation of the global environment and massive spurts in excessive mortality brought on by warfare, famine, periodic genocidal onslaughts, and worldwide epidemics. In no previous epoch of history was war soRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesand 2006. It is interesting to note that in Figure 1—1 most of the fastest-growing occupations percentagewise are related to information technology or health care. The increase in the technology jobs is due to the rapid increase in the use of information technology, such as databases, system design and analysis, and desktop publishing. The health care jobs are growing as a result of the aging of the U.S. population and workforce, a factor discussed later. Chapter 1 Changing Nature of Human ResourceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesWorkplace 143 An Ethical Choice Should You Try to Change Someone’s Personality? 147 Point/Counterpoint Millennials Are More Narcissistic 155 Questions for Review 156 Experiential Exercise What Organizational Culture Do You Prefer? 156 Ethical Dilemma Freedom or Lack of Commitment? 156 Case Incident 1 Is There a Price for Being Too Nice? 157 Case Incident 2 Leadership from an Introvert’s Perspective 158 6 Perception and Individual Decision Making What Is Perception? 166 Factors That Influence Perception

A Democratic Government - 986 Words

â€Å"The strongest democracies flourish from frequent and lively debate, but they endure when people of every background and belief find a way to set aside smaller differences in service of a greater purpose† (Obama, 2009). Fellow survivors, I ask you to imagine a year from now and envisage the society you want to be a part of. It has been three weeks since the disaster. Fear and confusion are rampant within the fragments of our society, productivity is at an all time low and our community lacks structure. We now must decide on a political system to lead us and give our society hope and direction. A deliberative democracy will provide us with the greatest opportunity for a successful future. Before we can wholeheartedly submit to a democratic government, it is important for us to first recognise and consider the central complications, which have arisen from this crisis. Our first priority is to help all those who are traumatised and so are unable to think rationally. Without intervention, the otherwise inevitable repercussions, which follow from a traumatic incident, will no doubt lead to cases of suicide, self-harm and substance abuse. The forthcoming shortage of vital resources within our community centre, and the wasting of such resources by those who are acting irrationally, is another issue of equal importance with which we are going to need to provide guidance if we can hope to live within a sustainable society. At the moment we are divided, alienated and wastingShow MoreRelatedThe Democracy Of A Democratic Government849 Words   |  4 PagesA democratic government is one in which the â€Å"supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation† (Merriam-Webster). In theory, a true democracy is one that is governed by the people in the form of â€Å"the rule of the majority†. This is a process that seems to have been naturally embedded in the human mind. In many circumstance, whether it is world leaders deciding on new international policy, or kids choosing what to watch for â€Å"movieRead MoreModern Democratic Governments 920 Words   |  4 Pagesunder democratic governments. Democracy is spreading throughout the world, although growth has slowed, and many nations have drawn their political inspiration from the United States of America, which was one of the first to govern under a constitutional republic in th e modern era. One of the more unique features of our government, which other countries have attempted to adopt, has been that of federalism, which is the political system in which authority is divided among the central government and separateRead MoreHaiti : A Democratic Government970 Words   |  4 Pagescan be implemented, but I chose to go with a country that hits home—that is home. Haiti for many years have been struggling with poverty, political violence, high rate of organized crimes, unstable food resources, epidemics, and an ineffective government. Haiti being the first independent nation of Latin America could’ve been a great start of political success, unfortunately that was not the case. Since gaining independence, Haiti has experienced a pattern of dictatorial rulings and negative forcesRead MoreThe Democratic Government Of Canada1564 Words   |  7 PagesSummary The Liberal Government of Canada has promised the implementation of a new electoral system within the next 18 months according to the second chapter of the document Real Change: A New Plan for a Strong Middle Class. The document seeks to affirm that the 2015 election will be the last federal election held under the first-past-the-post electoral system and that many reform options will be thoroughly explored to replace it. Proportional representation (PR) systems appears to be the most beneficialRead MoreAnalysis Of Platos Democratic Government798 Words   |  4 Pagesof a Democratic government. Plato’s democracy was a governement for the people because all were welcome to participate, if interested. The government’s structure was split into groups including the ekklesia, boule, etc. Today, I am a part of the National Society of Collegiate Scholars (NSCS), and organization here at Temple University. NSCS demonstrates some of the components found in Plato’s democr atic government. This paper will examine the connection between Plato’s Democratic government and theRead MoreDifference Between An Authoritarian Government And Democratic Government1043 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween an Authoritarian government and Democratic government. There are differences between an authoritarian and a democratic government even when the country can maintain a high living standard for the government. A Democratic government is when the system is ruled by the people, the citizen is allowed to form their laws, and the government is serving the people. An Authoritarian government is when the government has complete dictatorship, the laws are set by the government, and the citizen have toRead MoreVoting System Of A Democratic Government1141 Words   |  5 Pagesparts of a democratic government is how the population of the country selects the people that will represent them in the government. The voting system that a country uses has a substantial impact on h ow the government of that country is run, and how well the concerns of the electorate are addressed. There are many important factors to weigh when selecting a voting system, but an efficient voting system needs to consistently address a few key issues. These include producing a government that representsRead MoreThe Difference between Democratic Government and Oligarchy Government833 Words   |  4 PagesDemocratic Government VS Oligarchy Government â€Å"The government is merely a servant -- merely a temporary servant; it cannot be its prerogative to determine what is right and what is wrong, and decide who is a patriot and who isnt. Its function is to obey orders, not originate them.† Mark Twain Democracy and Oligarcy as forms of government have been in existence for a long period of time, both terms first appeared in ancient Greek political and philosophical thought. Both formsRead MoreDemocratic Government: Is It Better? Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pageswhere almost all of the countries, with the exemption of some governments that are still autocratic or socialists comes a common denominator and almost as a measure standard comes democracy. Several authors discuss about whether a democratic government is better than other that is not democratic, or if a country is democratic, functions better than those that are not. Democracy can have a lot of meanings whether a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a stateRead MoreBolivia As A Unitary And A Democratic Government1517 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica. Bolivia is a republic government, and it is comprise of four branches; they are the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch which are similar to the United States. Juan Evo Morales is the president and his branch, executive, has majority of the power. Bolivia has a written constitution; its criminal justice system is inspired by civil law tradition, Spanish and Napoleonic code. Bolivia is essentially a unitary system with a highly centralized national government (Central Intelligence Agency

Authority of Leadership in Lord of the Flies by William...

â€Å"‘The rules!’ shouted Ralph. ‘You’re breaking the rules!’ ‘Who cares?’ Ralph summoned his wits: ‘Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got!’† (91). In Lord of the Flies, Ralph says this to Jack at one of their assemblies, after having berated the boys for neglecting the shelter building and the signal fires. Ralph’s leadership is built on these rules, and Jack’s breaking of them causes an ideological conflict between them which eventually leads to Ralph’s loss of power among the group. He tries to create a just and orderly society to fulfill their needs and allow them to be rescued, but the boys eventually find Jack’s churlish lethargy and excess to be more desirable. Desirable, as defined by the Oxford English Dictionary, can be†¦show more content†¦Piggy urges Ralph to use what power he has left by calling a meeting: â€Å"’What’s grown-ups goin g to say?’ cried Piggy again†¦The sound of mock hunting, hysterical laughter, and real terror came from the beach. ‘Blow the conch, Ralph...You got to be tough now. Make ‘em do what you want.’ Ralph answered in the cautious voice of one who rehearses a theorem. ‘If I blow the conch and they don’t come back; then we’ve had it. We shan’t keep the fire going. We’ll be like animals. We’ll never be rescued.’† In this situation, Piggy is still worried about the punishment of his previous life. He is the closest thing to an adult on the island, and Ralph is the only one who advocates listening to him, illustrating Ralph’s connection to the rules of traditional civilization, which the other boys despise and want to escape through the island. After showing blatant disregard to their â€Å"chief’s† rules, they decide to escape the constraints of Ralph’s assemblies and embr ace their inner savagery with Jack. Piggy urges Ralph to blow the conch, the symbol of his power throughout the book, but Ralph understands that his form of leadership is becoming the less desirable option to the boys: if he calls an assembly and the other boys do not respond, its power, and his civilization, will have completely disintegrated. Ralph constantly emphasizes their responsibilities on the island—specifically, tending to the signal fire.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1389 Words   |  6 PagesA response to Lord Of The Flies Imagine an airplane crash. The heat of flames scorch passengers’ backs in addition to the wind burning their faces. Lucky, this crash was over water and near an island so most passengers survive, with an exception of the airplane staff and the pilot. Even though alive, many are in fits of fear and panic, and others are in shock. After hurried deliberation, a lone member of the group is elected leader in hopes that they will calm the panic, and make the hard, but necessaryRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding1585 Words   |  7 Pages Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a fictional novel highlighting natural characteristics of man kind. The Book was created during the post World War II period. Before creating this novel, William had experience in the navy where he learned of the nature of mankind. The introduction of the book portrays a plane crash where a large group of boys are stranded on an island. Here they grow in character and human instincts such as leadership, brutality, and survival are displayedRead MoreLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreSymbolic Characters Of Lord Of The Flies By William Golding898 Words   |  4 Pagesand Piggy can all be seen as symbolic characters in William Golding s novel Lord of the Flies. The specific items they had can also be seen as symbols. For example, Piggy’s glasses, Ralph’s conch and Jack’s spear all have a deeper meaning. Golding uses symbolism to display his belief of the nature of mankind. He believes that the change from good to evil, from civilization to savage, is inevitable if there isn’t any type of authority or leadership over people. Piggy, an asthmatic, overweight boyRead MoreMankind: Naturally Good or Evil? Essay example699 Words   |  3 Pageswhether or not you stay that way. In regards to this, William Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies, is a story is told about many guilty boys, however, the boys are very young. In so, many wonder if the boys are naturally evil or good and they do not know what to do without adults. As Simon said in Lord of The Flies, â€Å"Maybe, he said hesitantly, maybe there is a beast. [...] What I mean is, maybe its only us.† (Golding 89). In Lord of the Flies, the boys are afraid of an imaginary figure calledRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in Lord of the Flies, by William Golding912 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Lord of the Flies, by William Golding In his classic novel, Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses many elements of symbolism to help the readers gain a greater understanding of his message. Symbolism can be anything, a person, place, or thing, used to portray something beyond its self. It is used to represent or foreshadow the conclusion of the story. As one reads this novel, he or she will begin to recognize the way basic civilization is slowly stripped away from the boys as conflictRead MoreLord of the Flies1669 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies Summary [pic] |Lord Of The Flies Summary - The Island | |Lord of the Flies is set during World War 2 on a tropical island in the Coral Sea. A group of boys survive a plane crash and are| |left stranded on a deserted island with no adults. At first the boys cling to the principles and laws they were taught during | |their upbringing. They call a meeting where they establish rules,Read MoreLord of the Flies a Microcosm to Our Society1306 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Golding s novel Lord of the Flies significantly symbolizes characters, objects and the setting to represent our world as a whole. Golding uses those symbols to make the island similar to society and to show the difference between living in a civilised society and savagery. The novel takes place on an island during World War II, this is significant since the isolation forms a sort of civilization and community, a sort of microcosm to the real world and to human civilization. Lord of the FliesRead More The Prevalence of Humanity1662 Words   |  7 Pagessociety [can be traced] back to the defects of human nature ... The shape of a society must depend on the ethical nature of the individual and not on any political system however apparently logical or respectable.† This idea, quoted from author William Golding, of a corrupt individual corrupting an otherwise idyllic society is exemplified many times over the course of human history: Joseph Stalin corrupts Karl Marxs idea of communism into a totalitarian government that eventually results in the deathRead MoreEssay about Lord of the Flies by William Golding1325 Words   |  6 Pagesnever thought possible.   Lord of the Flies focuses on a group of boys who are alone on an island without authority. The novel reveals what can become of humanity without the presence of authority.   In Lord of the Flies by William Golding, the protagonist Ralph symbolizes leadership, civilization,   as well as the loss of innocence.   Ralph is the closest resemblance to authority that the boys have on the island.   His appearance plays an important role in him signifying authority, â€Å"You could see now that

Lincoln s Point Of View Of The Cause For The War - 852 Words

Seminar 5.3 Seminar 5.3 includes Lincoln’s point of view of the cause for the war, the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address which described the reasons war took place and letters from two generals and their varying point of views. Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, published an open letter to Lincoln about not mentioning the emancipation of slavery during the start of the war. Lincoln replies by saying that he is trying to unify the nation as quickly as possible under the constitution. Lincoln doesn’t agree with the people that thinks abolishing slavery as a whole isn’t necessary for saving the nation. Lincoln states that if he could, he would avoid abolishing slavery but he feels that it is utterly necessary in order to save the nation. He will always do what is best for the United States and will do less of whatever hurts the nation and do more of whatever helps the nation. In Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, he refers to how just eighty years ago our forefathers brought forth a new nation and declared that all men were created equal. Yet, eighty years later, the nation is divided into two and are engaged into a deep civil war. We shall never forget the brave men that has fought so bravely for the unification of our nation and that we are obliged to finish the â€Å"unfinished work† so that the brave men who died during the war will not have died in vain and this nation will have a â€Å"new birth of freedom† with a government â€Å"of the people, by theShow MoreRelatedThe Emancipation Proclamation And Its Consequences1688 Words   |  7 PagesCivil War, Lincoln vehemently denied the rumour that he would mount an attack on slavery. At the outbreak of fighting, he pledged to restore the Union, but accept slavery where it existed , with Congress supporting his position via the Crittendon-Johnson Resolutions. However, during 1862 Lincoln was persuaded for a number of reasons that Negro emancipa tion as a war measure was both essential and sound. Public opinion seemed to be going that way, Negro slaves were helping the Southern war effortRead MoreThe Civil War Was Fought Over African American Freedom1331 Words   |  6 Pageshave questioned what was the cause of the civil war. Till this day there has not been a straightforward answer, but many people still have different views and beliefs on what caused it. Many people believe that political issues or even taxation was the cause of the civil war. However, it was really over slavery. This essay will go over the civil war and explain why slavery caused the southerners and northerners to fight in the civil war. To what extent was the Civil War fought over African AmericanRead MoreThe Civil War Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pagesrevolution is the War of Independence though which America has won the national independence. And the second is the Civil War. It is the latter that has really cleared the path for the rapid growth of capitalism and has made America a most powerful country in the world. It can be seen from this that the Civil War is an important chapter in the American history book. Its necessary to recall the past. Prewar: The Civil War broke out in 1861 and ended in 1865. During this four years the war cost AmericaRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War970 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Civil War. Although the individuals who fought and died in both the North and South were arguably against each other politically, economically, socially, and emotionally one main point lost to them was that they had common ground in being a part of a newly formed nation in America. It can be argued that conflict arises in all parts of human nature and with America supporting a population of young men with newly found power and influence after the ratification of the U. S. Constitution itRead MoreJames M. Mcpherson : An American Civil War Essay1397 Words   |  6 PagesJames McPherson was born on October 11th 1936, he is an American Civil War historian. He received the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Battle Cry of Freedom, his most famous book. McPherson was the president of the American Historical Association in 2003, and is a member of the editorial board of Encyclopedia Britannica. In his early career McPherson wanted to leave a legacy as being known for the historian who focusses on more than one point. Through skillful narrative in a broad-ranging oeuvre of essays andRead MoreLincoln s Impact On The Civil War1564 Words   |  7 Pages Abraham Lincoln Research Paper During the Civil War, was Abraham Lincoln the cause or the cure? Abraham Lincoln, the man that hit right path toward life while earning respect. He worked hard most of his life and at law, and as a president to keep our nation in one during the Civil War. He had the mindset to get where he needed to go. He lived a long and resentful life full of problems that he fixed. Lincoln’s early life, Lincoln enters presidency, Lincoln’s impact on the Civil War as a presidentRead MoreThe Causes of the Civil War Essay example1121 Words   |  5 Pagesturn on each other? The Civil war has main causes, key people, and battles. All of the people, events, and causes effected how the war came to be and how the Civil War was fought. The important people of the Civil war made important decisions that may have caused one side to a victory or a horrific lose. The battles of the war were bloody and devastating, and the causes of the Civil War show how different the North was from the South . Many people know the Civil War was extremely significant, butRead MoreAbraham Lincoln Has Been An Iconic Figure Of The United1538 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln has been an iconic figure of the United States. Abraham Lincoln is viewed as a political icon. He was an idealized and iconic figure in the American culture. His efforts to ends the slavery and bringing the United States to a completely new culture certainly made him a political icon. He is the only American President that is on the list when we talk about the iconic personalities. He has acquired a culturally significant stature in the American society. The movies have been madeRead MoreThe Election Of 1860 On Succession Of The Southern States From The Union1587 Words   |  7 PagesA: Plan of the Investigation The election of 1860 was a crucial point in our countries history. The Tensions were high between the north and southern states and the issue of slavery was the biggest problem at the time. The election of Lincoln led to the perception that the south and its interests would lose control of the federal government and that the new government would ultimately get rid of slavery altogether. The aim of this Investigation is to come to a conclusion how much of an effect Lincoln’sRead MoreThe Impact Of The 1860 Presidential Election1442 Words   |  6 PagesAssess the influence of the 1860 presidential election as a cause of the American Civil War The 1860 presidential election of Abraham Lincoln greatly contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War. Abraham Lincoln, born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809, served as the sixteenth president of the United States. He was the very first Republican to serve as president, eventually leading the Union to victory during the civil war. Lincoln opposed the idea of the expansion of slavery but acknowledged that

Introduction to Management of ischemic disease - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Introduction to Management of ischemic disease. Answer: Introduction In this report, BreadTalk group is taken to understand management. The external environmental analysis and issue analysis are taken to analyse Singapore economy and recommendations are also given on the economy of Singapore. The BreadTalk group is investment holding company and was founded in 2000 and has 1000 outlets in 17 locals. The company listed on the Singapore Exchange Limited in 2003 (Ying Hongcui, 2015). The group has bakery, restaurants and food atrium. The group has 850 bakeries and 26 restaurants in Singapore and Thailand. The company offers fresh products and do not use preservatives. The signature of BreadTalk is Floss Bun. The stores of group are located in the malls of Singapore and the company is also expanded internationally. The group has 746 outlets and more than 7000 employees in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, China and the Middle East. The company also holds franchise for Din Tai Fung in Singapore. The signature dish of franchise is soup dumplings Xiao long ba o. The group also launches new range of products every six months according to seasonal trends. The bakery contributes 52% of revenue, food republic 29% and restaurants around 19%. The group offers franchising opportunities. The outlet also sold rocket shaped products to celebrate Chinas astronaut in space. External environmental analysis Environmental analysis identifies all the external forces which affect performance of business. It evaluates macro environmental factors. It focuses on the factors which influences profitability of bakery industries. The companies have to make changes in the organisation to stay competitive in the environment (Combe, 2014). Opportunities: Opportunities are the chances to grow. The business can make development by using opportunities. The companies can expand its operations in other countries. BreadTalk can also diversify into some retail brands such as clothing, footwear and accessories. The companies can expand via acquisitions than setting up a new venture (Saari, 2017). BreadTalk has got success in expanding business this way. It is a better way of expansion in the Singapore economy. Threats: The company can avoid threats once its known to the facts which can be harmful. It can be in the form of competition from strong players. The rules and regulations of the economy are also threat as it constrains the activity of business. At the same time, entry of new companies has also created intense competition. The BreadTalk has competition from small bakeries like Crystal jade and Koufu. The market and growth in Singapore economy also become saturated due to its small size (Islam Mamun, 2017). Pestle analysis The dimensions of external environmental are: Political factors: The political environment in supportive in Singapore. It includes political factors such as trade laws, taxation, legislation and training. A company can develop by using these opportunities. There is less number of political riots and many trade laws to protect companies. BreadTalk faced major benefits due to the stability of government. Trade agreement of China and Singapore was also considered favourable for the company (Anderson, et. al. 2015). Economic factors: It includes gross domestic product, unemployment rates, Interest rate, inflation and currency exchange rates. These factors are helpful in influencing the purchasing power of consumers. Inflation also influences the bakery industry in economy by decreasing buying power. The Singapore government has also invested in expanding the economy. So, BreadTalk group got chance to diversify its business. Social factors: The social factors have control on the sales of products. It includes taste, belief, attitude, tradition, ethics, lifestyle and values. The population of Singapore is increasing which results in increasing demand of products. The consumption rate has also increased. The eating habits of people have also changed. Due to busy schedule of people, the demand for bakery items has increased. It has given better opportunity to BreadTalk (Ross, 2016). Technological factors: Technological advancement is the reason behind the change in lifestyle of people. It includes innovation and communication technologies. It has significant role in increasing production and decreasing cost of production. Advancement of technology has important role in the development of Singapore economy. It has improved the method of marketing. The BreadTalk has become successful in incorporating market campaign by the use of technology. Legal factors: These factors affect the business environment. The companies can legally enter into other countrys economy and have to follow regulation of other countries. When a country makes regulation for industries, the companies will be bound to follow. It can be regulations related to product, employment, patent, health and safety. The BreadTalk group has opened franchise in China and follows regulations in that country. Environmental factors: It includes climate changes and natural calamities. There is ministry in the country which works on maintaining air quality and environmental issues. Singapores business environment is relatively healthy (Lanzino Brown Jr, 2014). There are sufficient opportunities to expand existing business. The country has one of the fair judicial systems. The organisations can easily get assistance of government. BreadTalk stopped selling soya milk, as it was repackaged from Yeos packet drink. It was immoral, as it gave the impression that drink was brewed in house. Porter five forces In the porter five force analysis five industry forces are taken to define the intensity of competition. It determines the long run predictions of profitability in the bakery industry (Levanti Klein, 2016). The company can look beyond actions of competitors and can evaluate factors that can affect business environment. Competitive rivalry within an industry: The industry is growing at fast rate in Singapore. BreadTalk group have competitors from massive bakery franchises to individual bakery outlets. These are Four Leaves, Kopitiam, Prima Deli Bakery, Bengawan Solo and Food Junction. These bakeries make available similar products at cheap prices. These food courts have large number of outlets and offers discount cards to regular customers. The prices of massive bakery franchise are comparatively high whereas the prices of individual bakeries are much lower (Albert Beatty, 2014). The group faces competition from the established companies and also the companies which provides innovative products. The competition in the industry is penetrating due to slow growth and exit barriers. The company is also facing competition due to innovations and product variety of rivalries. Threat of new entrants: The new comers in bakery industry find it challenging to deal with competitive market. It is easy to enter in market due to low barriers to entry. But threat of new entrants is high. As the initial capital and the cost of equipment is low and there is less requirement of research and development. The companies in Singapore are adopting product differentiation strategy and effective distribution channel. Due to all these factors there is high level of competition which is threat for new entrants. The bakery industry requires economies of scale. BreadTalk entered in the bakery industry of Singapore in the year 2000. The company has been continuously facing competition such as product differentiation and low cost from other bakeries (Ralph Gupta, 2015). The company is safe in the restaurant and food atria business. As companies does not easily enter due to higher capital outlay and experience is also required for running a restaurant. Threat of Substitute products or services: Substitutes are great threat in the bakery industry of Singapore. As, the prices of substitutes can be relatively lower. As, bakery items of competitor companies are at lower price of BreadTalk. Substitute products can be diverse, out of which inferior products cannot satisfy needs of consumers. Like Four Leaves bakery is threat for the BreadTalk because of the similarity in products. The former one follows the strategy of providing quality goods and services. Bargaining power of Suppliers: Suppliers have low bargaining power in the Singapore bakery industry due to availability of large number of suppliers. The suppliers can easily drive the price of products as customers purchase in bulk. The suppliers cannot hike price of products as the customers are bakeries and restaurants (Christopher, Laasch Roberts, 2016). The ingredients also do not vary in quality and lowers bargaining power. The group believes in effective relationship with suppliers because of their intensive buying power. There is diverse distribution channel of products. Bargaining power of customers: Buyers enjoy huge bargaining power in the bakery industry at Singapore as they have multiple choices. The competitors in the bakery industry sell products at competitive prices. The demand for bakery items is highly price elastic. The customers are sensitive to high prices. The taste and preference of consumer changes as they have multiple choices and it also varies according to the adjustments in prices. During inflation, the buyers shift to the affordable and cheap alternatives. Evaluation of industry analysis: The buyers are having strong position in the market along with strong threats from the substitute products, low entry barriers and rivalry among competitors. The bakery industries in Singapore are viewed as attractive with significant profit margins (Stewart, 2014). Recommendations The organisation implements strategies such as Porters generics strategy to avoid problems, gain competitive advantage and to acquire position in market. The strategy has certain aspects such as: Low cost: The high cost is the problem faced by the organisation. The prices of BreadTalk are more than the competitors. The company needs to produce products at low cost while applying cost leadership in the organisation. To keep the cost low of raw materials, the company considers purchasing over dairy and wheat farms. This strategy can be achieved by lowering prices in the target market. There are three main ways to implement strategy such as by achieving high asset utilisation, low operating costs and control over value chain. This strategy is helpful in generating profit and the consumers are getting benefit out of it (Wilkinson, Wood Demirbag, 2014). Differentiation: Differentiation is unique characteristic of products. It helps to lead in the market. Such products are valued by customers. It is used for the development of products and offers distinctive attributes. BreadTalk needs to pay attention to the contributing factors to deal bargaining power of customers in market. The factors contributing in retail shops can be decoration, product packaging and attitude of staff. The BreadTalk can display motif on outlets, the matching motif on the packaging boxes of cakes and buns and conducting giveaway activity on weekends. Balloons identical to motifs can also be given free to customers with kids. This strategy helps company to charge premium price for products (Snyder, 2014). Focus on target market: It focuses on the particular part of the market. This strategy is appropriate for BreadTalk as it avoids competition with big companies. The company makes use of this strategy by focusing on the target market (Buono, 2015). It develops specified products for the particular segment of society. These are developed according to the need of customers. Such products help in building customer loyalty and are less attractive to competitors. Innovations: The company focuses on innovations to increase market share. BreadTalk produces products according to resource and capabilities of the firm. The company innovates in differentiation. It helps in gaining competitive advantage and customer loyalty. The company doing innovation offers products at high prices because of no availability of substitute products (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). BreadTalk can strengthen itself and can ignore competition by making use of innovations. As less investment is sufficient, so the company can more produce such products in order to avoid wastage. Conclusion From this report it can be concluded that BreadTalk held a competitive position in the market. The external analysis of company has helped to gain a major position in the market due to factors like opportunities, threats, legal, political, technological, economic and social. The company is also facing economy slowdown due to competitive strategy of other companies. BreadTalk has set itself as an established organisation today by using conventional business techniques. The organisation pays attention to environmental changes by constantly innovating and focusing market trends. It meets and satisfies the demand of customers by making use of PESTLE analysis. The organisation makes use of porter analysis to remain competitive in the market. On the other hand Four leave bakery is threat for the company. The competitor company produces products at similar prices. The company also follows porter generic strategies to avoid problems and acquire position in the market. The organisation focuse s on these aspects for the efficient operations. Core competency and expertise in food of the BreadTalk ensures greater accomplishment. Now days the company emphasizes on corporate level strategy to bring positive growth in revenue. The strategies implemented in organisation ensure to bring more success. References Albert, M., Beatty, B. J. (2014). Flipping the classroom applications to curriculum redesign for an introduction to management course: Impact on grades.Journal of Education for Business,89(8), 419-424. Anderson, D. R., Sweeney, D. J., Williams, T. A., Camm, J. D., Cochran, J. J. (2015).An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Buono, A. F. (2015). An Introduction to Management Consultancy.Academy of Management Learning Education,14(1), 144-147. Christopher, E., Laasch, O., Roberts, J. (2016). New approaches to introduction to management courses.Journal of Management Education,40(3), 359-361. Combe, C. (2014).Introduction to management. Oxford University Press. Islam, F. R., Mamun, K. A. (2017). Possibilities and Challenges of Implementing Renewable Energy in the Light of PESTLE SWOT Analyses for Island Countries. InSmart Energy Grid Design for Island Countries(pp. 1-19). Springer International Publishing. Lanzino, G., Brown Jr, R. D. (2014). Introduction: Management of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Neurosurgical focus,36(1), Introduction. Levanti, G., Klein, L. (2016). Introduction to the JOTSC Special Issue on Leveraging Organizational Change and Knowledge Management to Address Environmental Complexity. Ralph, R., Gupta, U. G. (2015).An Introduction to Management Information Systems. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.. Ross, D. F. (2016).Introduction to e-supply chain management: engaging technology to build market-winning business partnerships. CRC Press. Saari, M. (2017). Choosing the Right Entry Mode to Practice Supply of Spare Parts in Singapore. Snyder, R. A. (2014). Lets burn them all: Reflections on the learning-inhibitory nature of Introduction to Management and Introduction to Organizational Behavior textbooks.Journal of Management Education,38(5), 733-758. Stewart, P. M. (2014). Section Introduction: Emergent Management of Adrenal Disorders. InEndocrine and Metabolic Medical Emergencies: A Clinician's Guide(pp. 155-158). The Endocrine Society. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson. Wilkinson, A., Wood, G., Demirbag, M. (2014). Guest editors introduction: People management and emerging market multinationals.Human Resource Management,53(6), 835-849. Ying, M., Hongcui, W. (2015). Optimization for framework design of new product introduction management system.

Research Methods Process of Developing the Research Question

Questions: 1. Describe the process of how you developed the Research Question (in other words, what sort of research activities did you do?) 2. What is the working/draft Research Question that you have developed, based on the process? 3. What is the knowledge gap that you seek to fill with this research? 4. What type of methods will best suit your research (i.e. qualitative, quantitative, mixed), and why? 5. Outline and justify the proposed research methodology. Discuss the rationale for your selection of the following: (a). research techniques (b). brief outline of data collection (c). proposed analyses. Answers: 1. Process of developing the research question I developing my research question, I focused a lot on the pertinent issues that the society faces in the health sector and some of the major constraints faced by health providers while carrying out their duties. I began formulating my research question by focusing on the broad topic of health and how health care determines the economic welfare of people in the society. I embarked on the health as my research topic because the topic can be studied due to the research gaps on the topic. I listed all the possible research questions about health that could be answered during my research. Out of the many questions listed, I ranked the items according to the order of their relevance and urgency in health. After ranking the questions, I chose the best question the one which is neither too narrow nor too broad to be researched upon. In deciding which research question is best, I researched on the sources of information for the research that are available and able to answer my research questi on and how reliable are they. I found that there were enough and reliable sources for the research question to be fully answered. My knowledge also guided me in choosing then research question and the availability of the gaps in the research topic were also considered. Before embarking on the research topic, I subjected my research question on a rigorous evaluation to determine the possibility of successfully completing the research. 2. Research question What is the effect of technological innovation on health care provision? 3. Research gap In the past, researchers have carried out research about information technology and its relevance to healthcare provision focusing so much on the information recording and keeping (Kelley, 2016). Very little has been done about how technology can reduce the expenditure on health, improve decision making, improve health care access and facilitate ample communication between health care providers and patients (Barham, 2014). Research need to be done to evaluate on what role does technology innovation play in health care provision and majorly focus on decision making, communication improvement and medical access to patients (Issel, 2015). In the past, researchers have not given attention research on some of the barriers to successfully implement technology in the healthcare system and methods in which theses obstacles can be overcome so that patients receive improved health care (Berkowitz McCarthy, 2013). Methods of research Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are used in this research for various reasons. One primary reason for using both methods of research is the kind of information needed to clearly address the aforementioned research question and come up with a broad conclusion. Another reason for mixed research is the fact that research question requires both primary and secondary data to be fully answered (Bassett, 2004). The research question is wide and needs comprehensive data and information to be fully addressed. Research methodology The research methodology will involve the use of both qualitative and quantitative tools of data collection but will mostly rely on qualitative data for most of its analysis focusing on social aspects of health and how it can be improved by use of technological innovations(Patton Patton, 2002). First, the research will begin by gathering information from various books and other secondary sources about the roles that technology plays in healthcare provision (Issel, 2015). The information will be collected from different books, journals, articles and previous researches that were done information documented in the library database. Data will also be gathered from various primary sources using interviews, surveys, questionnaires and by observations. Initially, a survey will be conducted to measure how satisfied diverse groups of people are with the provision of health care services in public and private healthcare institutions (Liamputtong, 2011). The target group for this research will vary from college and university students, locals, medical staff and all the people that receive medical services from various health care institutions in both the public and private hospitals. The research will focus on using descriptive analysis method due to the nature of the research question that should be answered. During the research, I will administer a survey to selected samples of college and university students, locals, and health care workers. The purpose of using a survey for this research is because the study aims at collecting data from specified samples of the population (Liamputtong, 2011). Furthermore, the survey instruments that will be used for this research will be questionnaires and interviews to the targeted samples. Since the research involves the collection of information about the quality of health and technology utilized in the provision of healthcare services, surveys are the most appropriate method of data collection. Furthermore, surveys are a key tool to conducting social and basic science researchers. Theirs is a significant advantage of using questionnaires as survey instruments as opposed to interviews because they are easy to administer, c an be administered to several sample groups and respondents are assured of the confidentiality than personal interviews. Moreso, after considering the cost of data collection when using personal interviews and questionnaires, it became clear that questionnaires are cost effective. Because of the above-mentioned advantages, the research will mostly employ questionnaires in data collection. Proposed analyses Data analysis for this research will be done using both statistical and descriptive analysis techniques. Before the actual data analysis, information collected from the surveys will be checked for completeness and correctness. After data has been confirmed for the two features, data will be keyed into the database for analysis to produce the output. Computer programs such as Stata and SPSS will be used for the analysis of data and results be recorded in the table. During the analysis, all incomplete surveys will be canceled and not included in the analysis process. Descriptive tools and frequency tables will be constructed to present the results in an organized manner for various groups of people to interpret the data. References Lyon, F., Mollering, G., Saunders, M. N. K. (2011). Handbook of Research Methods on Trust. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Pub. Newell, R., Burnard, P., Newell, R. (2011). Research for evidence-based practice in healthcare. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Chatburn, R. L. (2011). Handbook for health care research. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Krueger, R. A., Casey, M. A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research White, P. (2009). Developing research questions: A guide for social scientists. Basingstoke [England: Palgrave Macmillan. Bassett, C. (2004). Qualitative research in health care. London: Whurr. Denicolo, P., Becker, L. (2012). Developing Research Proposals. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications. Issel, L. (2015). Health care changes and research gaps. Health Care Management Review, 40(2), 91. Daim, T. U., Behkami, N. A., Basoglu, N., Kok, O. M., Hogaboam, L. (2016). Healthcare technology innovation adoption: Electronic health records and other emerging health information technology innovations. Barham, L. (2014). Research gaps and Health Technology Assessment. Farmeconomia. Health Economics And Therapeutic Pathways, 15(2). Kelley, T. (2016). Electronic health records for quality nursing health care / Tiffany Kelley. Berkowitz, L., McCarthy, C. (2013). Innovation with information technologies in healthcare. London: Springer. Fasano, P. (2013). Transforming health care: The financial impact of technology, electronic tools, and data mining. Liamputtong, P. (2011). Focus Group Methodology: Principle and Practice Omona, J. (2013). Sampling in Qualitative Research: Improving the Quality of Research Outcomes in Higher Education. Mak. J. High. Edu., 4(2). Ozerdem, A., Bowd, R. (2010). Participatory research methodologies: Development and post-disaster/conflict reconstruction. Farnham, England: Ashgate. Patton, M. Patton, M. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.

Piaget And Vygotsky Essays - Constructivism, Child Development

Piaget And Vygotsky Everyday life is characterized by conscious purpose. From reaching for food to designing an experiment, our actions are directed at goals. This purpose reveals itself partly in our conscious awareness and partly in the organization of our thoughts and actions. Cognition is the process involved in thinking and mental activity, such as attention, memory and problem solving. Much past and present theory has emphasized the parallels between the articulated prepositional structure of language and the structure of an internal code or language of thought. In this paper I will discuss language and cognition and two famous theorist who were both influential in forming a more scientific approach to analyzing the process of cognitive development. Jean Piaget There are those that say that Jean Piaget was the first to take children`s thinking seriously. Although Piaget never thought of himself as a child psychologist his real interest was epistemology, the theory of knowledge, which, like physics, was considered a branch of philosophy until Piaget came along and made it a science (2000). Children and their reasoning process fascinated Piaget. He began to suspect that observing how the child`s mind develops might discover the key to human knowledge. Piaget`s insight opened a new window into the inner workings of the mind. Jean Piaget has made major theoretical and practical contributions to our understanding of the origins and evolution of knowledge. Stages of Childhood Development In his work Piaget identified stages of mental growth. He theorized that all children progressed through stages of cognitive development. He discovered that children think and reason differently at different periods in their lives. Piaget believed that everyone passed through a sequence of four qualitatively distinct stages. They are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. In the sensorimotor stage, occurring from birth to age 2, the child is concerned with gaining motor control and learning about physical objects. This stage promotes that thought is based primarily on action. Every time an infant does any action such as holding a bottle or learning to turn over, they are learning more about their bodies and how it relates to them and their environment. Piaget maintains that there are six sub-stages in the sensorimotor stage although children pass through three major achievements. In the preoperational stage, from ages 2 to 7, the child is preoccupied with verbal skills. At this point the child can name objects and reason intuitively. Piaget has divided this stage into the preoperational phase and the intuitive phase. In the preoperational phase children use language and try to make sense of the world but have a much less sophisticated mode of thought than adults. They need to test thoughts with reality on a daily basis and do not appear to be able to learn from generalizations made by adults. In the intuitive phase the child slowly moves away from drawing conclusions based solely on concrete experiences with objects. However, the conclusions drawn are based on rather vague impressions and perceptual judgments. It becomes possible to carry on a conversation with a child. Children develop the ability to classify objects on the basis of different criteria. At this stage children learn to count and use the concept of numbers. In the concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 12, the child begins to deal with abstract concepts such as numbers and relationships. It is here that children learn mastery of classes, relations, numbers and how to reason. In this stage a person can do mental operations but only with real concrete objects, events or situations. Logical reasons are understood. For example, a concrete operational person can understand the need to go to bed early when it is necessary to rise early the next morning. A pre-operational child, on the other hand, does not understand this logic and substitutes the psychological reason, "I want to stay up. Finally, in the formal operational stage, age 12 to 15, the child begins to reason logically and systematically. The last stage deals with the mastery of thought (Evans, 1973). A formal operational thinker can do abstract thinking and starts to enjoy abstract thought. The formal operational thinker is able to think ahead to plan the solution path. Finally, the formal operational person is capable of meta-cognition, that is, thinking about thinking. A central component of Piaget`s developmental theory of learning and thinking is that both involve the participation of the learner. Knowledge is not merely transmitted verbally but must be constructed and reconstructed by the learner. Piaget asserted that for a child to know and construct knowledge of the world the child